Carnatic Music

Carnatic Music

Learning the basics of Carnatic music involves understanding its foundational elements, including swaras (notes), ragas (melodic frameworks), and talas (rhythmic cycles). Here's a structured approach to get started with Carnatic music:

1. Understanding Swaras (Notes)

Carnatic music uses seven basic notes (swaras):

• Sa (Shadjam)
• Ri (Rishabham)
• Ga (Gandharam)
• Ma (Madhyamam)
• Pa (Panchamam)
• Da (Dhaivatham)
• Ni (Nishadam)

These swaras have variations:

• Ri (Rishabham): R1 (Shuddha Rishabham), R2 (Chatusruti Rishabham), R3 (Sadharana Gandharam)
• Ga (Gandharam): G1 (Sadharana Gandharam), G2 (Antara Gandharam), G3 (Shuddha Madhyamam)
• Ma (Madhyamam): M1 (Shuddha Madhyamam), M2 (Prati Madhyamam)
• Da (Dhaivatham): D1 (Shuddha Dhaivatham), D2 (Chatusruti Dhaivatham), D3 (Suddha Nishadam)
• Ni (Nishadam): N1 (Kaisiki Nishadam), N2 (Kakali Nishadam), N3 (Prati Nishadam)

2. Learning Basic Exercises (Sarali Varisai)

Sarali Varisai are simple exercises to help understand the swaras and improve voice modulation and control. Practice these exercises in a simple tala (rhythm) like Adi Tala (8 beats).

3. Understanding Talas (Rhythmic Cycles)

Some basic talas include:

• Adi Tala: 8 beats (4+2+2)
• Rupaka Tala: 3 beats (2+1)
• Misra Chapu: 7 beats (3+2+2)
• Khanda Chapu: 5 beats (2+3)

4. Learning Geethams and Swarajatis

Geethams are simple melodic compositions that introduce the concept of melody and rhythm. Swarajatis are slightly more complex and introduce the use of lyrics.

5. Practicing Alankaras (Scale Patterns)

Alankaras are scale patterns that help understand different talas and improve rhythm sense. Practice these in various talas.

6. Understanding and Practicing Basic Ragas

Start with simple ragas like:

• Mayamalavagowla
• Shankarabharanam
• Mohanam
• Kalyani
• Hamsadhwani

Practice the arohanam (ascending) and avarohanam (descending) scales for these ragas.

7. Learning Varnams

Varnams are more complex compositions that incorporate swara patterns and lyrics. They help improve both technical skills and understanding of raga and tala.

8. Listening and Observation

Listen to recordings of Carnatic music by renowned artists to understand the nuances and styles of different ragas and talas.

Resources for Learning

• Teachers/Gurus: Finding a knowledgeable teacher is crucial for proper guidance and learning.
• Books and Notations: Books like "Ganamrutha Bodhini" by A.S. Panchapakesa Iyer provide notations and exercises.
• Online Resources: Websites, apps, and YouTube channels dedicated to Carnatic music can be helpful.

Basic Practice Routine

1. Voice Exercises: Start with basic swara exercises and voice modulation practices.
2. Sarali Varisai: Practice the basic exercises in different talas.
3. Geethams: Learn simple compositions to understand melody and rhythm.
4. Alankaras: Practice scale patterns in various talas.
5. Basic Ragas: Practice arohanam and avarohanam of simple ragas.
6. Varnams: Progress to learning varnams as you advance.

Conclusion

Carnatic music requires consistent practice and dedication. Start with the basics, gradually progress to more complex exercises and compositions, and immerse yourself in listening to and observing seasoned performers. A good teacher can provide invaluable guidance and help you navigate your learning journey effectively.